How to Write Paragraph Responding to the Reading Include Your Opinion and Give Author Credit

How to Paraphrase in five Like shooting fish in a barrel Steps | Tips and Examples

Published on April xviii, 2018 by Courtney Gahan. Revised on September 24, 2021.

Paraphrasing means formulating someone else's ideas in your ain words. To paraphrase a source, you take to rewrite a passage without changing the meaning of the original text.

Paraphrasing is an alternative to quoting, where you lot copy someone's verbal words and put them in quotation marks. In academic writing, it'south usually better to paraphrase instead of quoting, considering it shows that you have understood the source and makes your work more original.

Every time you paraphrase, it's important to cite the source. You also have to exist careful not to use wording that is too similar to the original. Otherwise, you could be at risk of committing plagiarism.

How to paraphrase in 5 steps

1. Read the passage several times to fully understand the meaning
2. Note down fundamental concepts
3. Write your version of the text without looking at the original
4. Compare your paraphrased text with the original passage and make small-scale adjustments to phrases that remain too similar
5. Cite the source where you establish the idea

Paraphrasing example

Original passage

"The number of foreign and domestic tourists in holland rose above 42 million in 2017, an increase of 9% and the sharpest growth rate since 2006, the national statistics role CBS reported on Wednesday" (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

Paraphrased version

According to the national statistics office, the Netherlands experienced dramatic growth in tourist numbers in 2017. More than than 42 1000000 tourists travelled to or within the Netherlands that year, representing a ix% increment—the steepest in 12 years (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

• The text is rewritten in your ain words
• The significant of the text did not modify
• The source is cited correctly according to APA in-text citation rules

Paraphrasing tips

The 5 steps to paraphrasing may seem straightforward, merely writing an idea in a unlike way than the published version tin can be hard. These are 4 tricks you can employ to aid you do so.

1. Outset your first sentence at a different indicate from that of the original source
2. Employ synonyms (words that mean the same thing)
3. Change the sentence structure (e.one thousand. from active to passive voice)
4. Interruption the information into separate sentences

Nosotros accept applied these iv tips to the example beneath.

Original quote:

"Simply the hearing was near more than than Facebook; it exposed a critical turning signal every bit the power, sophistication and potential exploitation of technology outpaces what users, regulators or even its creators expected or seem prepared to handle" (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. eleven).

Paraphrased version:

The hearing made it apparent that the expectations of creators, regulators and users have been rapidly eclipsed by applied science in general, non only Facebook. Such technologies now extend beyond what these parties are able to manage, due to their immense influence, potential for exploitation and sophistication (Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11).

i. Start your first judgement at a different point from that of the original source

In the example, you tin encounter that we started by introducing the context (the hearing) followed by the concluding part of the original sentence: the expectations of creators, regulators and users. In fact, the central pieces of data are mentioned in a completely unlike gild.

2. Use as many synonyms every bit possible

Synonyms are words or phrases that means the aforementioned thing. Our example uses several synonyms:

• "exposed a critical turning point" → "made information technology apparent"
• "outpaces" → "rapidly eclipsed"
• "power" → "immense influence"

If you're struggling to recollect of synonyms, a thesaurus tin be a useful tool. However, don't overdo it! It'southward perfectly acceptable and oftentimes necessary to use some of the same words every bit the original text. In this example, information technology would be unnecessarily confusing to apply synonyms for words like "engineering science".

3. Change the judgement construction

For example, if the sentence was originally in the agile vocalism, change it to passive. The active voice is when a judgement is led by the subject (the affair doing the action). When the object (the thing receiving the action) leads the judgement, that sentence is written in the passive vocalism.

• "technology outpaces what users, regulators or even its creators expected" → "the expectations of creators, regulators and users have been apace eclipsed by technology"

In this example, engineering science is the subject; the expectations of creators, regulators and users are the object. The original quote was written in the active voice, while the paraphrase uses the passive voice.

iv. Break the data into separate sentences

Although paraphrasing will usually effect in a word count roughly the same as an original quote, you may be able to play with the number of sentences to make the text different.

In this case, i long sentence was broken into two. The contrary could also exist the instance, i.eastward. if the original quote is comprised of two sentences, you may be able to combine the information into one.

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How to cite a paraphrase

Once you have your perfectly paraphrased text, you need to ensure you credit the original author. No matter what citation fashion you utilize, you always paraphrase in the aforementioned way. The only matter that is different is the in-text citation.

APA format	(Roose & Kang, 2018, para. 11)
MLA format	(Roose and Kang)
Chicago Notes and Bibliography	1. Kevin Roose and Cecilia Kang, "Marker Zuckerberg Testifies on Facebook Before Skeptical Lawmakers," The New York Times, Apr 10, 2018, https:​//www.nytimes.com​/2018/04/10/us​/politics​/zuckerberg​-facebook​-senate-hearing.html

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Commendation Generator volition automatically create a flawless APA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Commendation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Commendation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator volition automatically create a flawless APA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless APA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator volition automatically create a flawless APA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator volition automatically create a flawless APA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Commendation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator volition automatically create a flawless MLA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA commendation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator volition automatically create a flawless MLA citation
or cite manually

The Scribbr Citation Generator will automatically create a flawless MLA commendation
or cite manually

Paraphrasing vs. quoting

If you complete thorough research and take notes on the sources y'all read, you will naturally finish upwardly paraphrasing most of the of import information you lot find rather than using direct quotes. It is wise to limit the number of direct quotes in your paper considering:

• Paraphrasing shows that you clearly understand the meaning of a text
• Your own vocalization volition remain ascendant throughout your newspaper
• Quotes reduce the readability of your text

Quotes are appropriate when:

• Giving a precise definition
• Saying something virtually the writer's linguistic communication or manner
• Providing testify in support of an argument
• Critiquing or analyzing a specific claim

Paraphrasing vs. summarizing

A paraphrase is a rewriting of a specific passage from someone else, so it will be approximately the same length equally the source's original quote.

When y'all completely or partially describe the outcome of a more than substantial part of the inquiry, it is chosen a summary.

There is a distinct deviation between paraphrasing and summarizing. Even so, in general (as is the instance in many universities), both are often referred to every bit paraphrasing.

Example of summarized text

Summary:
An commodity published in Apr 2018 highlighted clear differences between generations of children in the Netherlands, stating that seventy% of the grandparents of the current generation spent more time exterior than at home, compared to ten% today. Since 2013, the percentage of children who play exterior every 24-hour interval has decreased from 20% to just fourteen%. There are several negative outcomes for children that take resulted from lack of outdoor play, including increasing problems with short-sightedness due to a preference for fourth dimension on computers, shortages of Vitamin D, problems with weight, and express development of social skills (DutchNews.nl, 2018).

Why summarize?
While paraphrasing and quoting are ideal if you lot wish to focus on one department of a inquiry article, summarizing is a useful tool if you find the entire source relevant and interesting.

Avoiding plagiarism

When paraphrasing, you take to be careful to avoid accidental plagiarism.

This tin happen if the paraphrase is besides like to the original quote, with phrases or whole sentences that are identical (and should therefore be in quotation marks). It tin as well happen if you neglect to properly cite the source of the paraphrase.

To brand sure you've properly paraphrased and cited all your sources, y'all could elect to run a plagiarism check before submitting your newspaper. Scribbr'southward plagiarism checker scans your newspaper and compares it to a vast database of sources. Information technology highlights any passages that are likewise similar to another source, even when the structure has been inverse or synonyms used.

Read more about the all-time plagiarism checkers for students in our in-depth comparison.

Frequently asked questions

What is the deviation betwixt plagiarism and paraphrasing?

Plagiarism means using someone else's words or ideas and passing them off as your ain. Paraphrasing means putting someone else'southward ideas in your own words.

And then when does paraphrasing count equally plagiarism?

• Paraphrasing is plagiarism if you don't properly credit the original author.
• Paraphrasing is plagiarism if your text is too shut to the original wording (fifty-fifty if you cite the source). If y'all direct copy a sentence or phrase, you should quote it instead.
• Paraphrasingis not plagiarism if you put the author'southward ideas completely in your own words and properly cite the source.

Tin can plagiarism be accidental?

Accidental plagiarism is one of the virtually common examples of plagiarism. Possibly you forgot to cite a source, or paraphrased something a bit too closely. Possibly you tin't recollect where you got an idea from, and aren't totally sure if it'south original or not.

These all count every bit plagiarism, even though you didn't do it on purpose. When in dubiety, make certain yous're citing your sources. Too consider running your work through a plagiarism checker tool prior to submission, which work by using advanced database software to browse for matches between your text and existing texts.

Scribbr's Plagiarism Checker takes less than 10 minutes and can assistance you plow in your paper with conviction.

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